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25 Undamaged layer boundaries
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The layer boundaries (the transition from one sedimentary layer to the next) for geological formations, which are often attributed an age of thousands and more years, generally show no or little surface erosion, bioturbation or formation of soil. That the surface of an Earth’s stratum escaped the effects of the weather for millennia, before being covered by another layer, is inconceivable. Therefore the majority of sedimentary strata must have come into existence in days, years and decades.
The vast majority of sediment layers are either obliquely layered, graded and/or contain fossils. In the formation of the sediment layers themselves, an interpretation of millions of years can never be given. It must be clarified what period of time could have elapsed between the coming into existence of one and the next following layer.
The following characteristics, show a rapid process of layering, they are characteristic of most geological layer boundaries:
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Insufficiently eroded surfaces (1): if a surface is exposed to the elements for a long period of time, it becomes eroded. Water and wind, by the action of erosion, form uneven and indented surfaces. The longer the weather has an effect, the more distinct the surface irregularities and indentations become. After only a few decades, as a rule significant alterations to the surface can be observed. How have the layer boundaries in geological formations, which allegedly boast an age of tens of thousands of years, remained largely undamaged?
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| b) |
Little or no bioturbation (2): On a seabed or lake bed, after a certain time plants and animals start to establish themselves and leave traces of themselves behind: root formation by plants, signs of digging by burrowing molluscs and other digging creatures, wormholes etc. If such a surface is covered with sediment, the traces remain. If such traces are missing or sparse, then one has to assume that these layers were deposited in rapid succession.
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Soil formation: complicated chemical processes lead, in the course of a few hundred years, to the formation of soil. Soil formation is clearly visible on the immediate surface, while the characteristic traits of the formation of soil are scarcely seen in lower geological layers. As iron oxide is to be found in all fertile soils, at least one black or brown coloration should have to be identifiable. Most of the deeper lying layers must have been laid down so quickly that there was too little time for the formation of humus to take place.
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Animals’ footprints: One mainly finds footprints in geological layers of volcanic ash. Volcanic ash hardens very quickly. If it becomes moist and is dried out by the sun, the surface solidifies and with it, the footprints. Footprints also survive in clay, sand and other soft surfaces, if they were covered with new material. Even if only very few layer boundaries contains footprints, one still can assume that at least those layers containing footprints came into existence very rapidly.
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| Fossil Dinosaur footprint |
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Fossil footprint Dinosaur |
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References:
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| (1) |
Joachim Scheven, Karbonstudien, Hänssler-Verlag, 1986, Page 71. |
| (2) |
Eugen Seibold und Wolfgang H. Berger, The sea floor, Springer Berlin, 1996. | |
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| (Images) Screenshots from the video "The Young Age Of The Earth" by Dr. Robert Gentry. See http://www.0095.info/en/index_links.html |
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